Understanding the audience

The audience is whoever the speaker wants to persuade:

  • Who needs to be persuaded? (Are there multiple audiences?)
  • What's their relationship to the issue?
  • What do they currently think, feel, or do about this issue?
  • How invested are they in maintaining the status quo?
  • What evidence and assumptions justify the status quo for them?
  • What's their relationship to the speaker?
  • How would they react to the speaker’s core argument?
  • What power does the audience have? What resources?
  • What do they value?

The speaker can have multiple audiences with completely different backgrounds and values.

There’s a big difference between an audience that doesn’t care about an issue and one that is super invested and has a lot at stake.