We would classify the first three as:
- Valuational
- Ethical
- Proposal
The last one is a bit of a trick question, but it's a good example of how argument types can be combined.
It's really:
- A proposal (donate to Reporters Without Borders)
- Using a resemblance claim ("Some countries treat journalists like you treat a pen")
- Based on an ethical assumption (it's morally wrong to treat reporters this way)
- Plus a valuational assumption (reporters are worth more than pens)
But if you were to identify the most obvious argument type being used in the last ad, it's a resemblance argument.
